STATIC ELECTRIC DISCHARGES TO A DUST COVERED CRT
PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO CRATER FORMATION
AND OTHER FEATURES ON PLANETARY BODIES

Z. Dahlen Parker

Electric discharge patterns, seen in a thin layer of dust on a CRT, have a striking resemblance to many features seen on moons and asteroids. This low tech experiment with electrostatics has revealed a reasonable alternative explanation to how some planetary surface features were formed.

Link to CRT crater chain

Many features on moons and asteroids offer challanges to believability when explained through the mechanism of an impact.

The anomalies are numerous but the most obvious challenge to that 'theory' comes from the existance of chains of craters that appear to overlap each other.

A unique and highly structured set of circumstances would be required to form such features.

If an impact explanation was to be used several problems arise.

Ganymede Crater chain Image

Link to TPOD article and image

How can this feature be explained by an impact?

If objects strike at an angle, other than a right angle, they would make non-symmetrical circles. Also, a sequence of impacts would destroy the clarity of the previously formed features.
Some have offered an explanation which involves extremely tight timing between to object's supposed disintigration and an encounter with another body. This is highly speculative and ignores a far more plausable explanation, electric discharge between differently charged bodies.

Considering the appearance of crater chains, there are too many problems not answerable by the impact theory for it to be valid.

See the work

The patterns give us details to draw upon for comparison and if we let the patterns speak to our reasoning we may see through a fog created by an absence of eye witnesses and an abundance of speculation about impact events.

One detail to take note of in the CRT images is that a whole circle is often at one end and then a series of semi-circles are adjacent.

The first point of discharge can be recognized.

This pattern occurs with little variance!

When motion across the CRT’s surface is slow enough to get repeated discharges in close proximity the semi-circles get tighter forming a weld-like bead.

The following attributes give the mechanism of electric discharge an advantage toward explaining how planetary-type crater chains were made:
1. Direction of movement produces specific patterns which are consistent in repeated tests with electrical discharges.
2. Symmetry is very well preserved from one discharge point to the next. The previous patterns are nearly undisturbed by subsequent discharges.
3. In the case of the Ganymede chain there is an additional clue at the left end of the chain which points to the notion of a single body discharging along the chain 'and then fragmenting' directly over the surface. Note the fresh powder covering over the surface just at the end of the chain.

Here are some other image from experiments.

link to CRT image(side streams)

In experiments, by Plasmatic of Thunderbolts forum, with an ion air purifier the results are quite interesting.

And if that isn't convincing, then you need to see this image.

The previous two images are some of the results from experiments conducted by James St.Pe (Plasmatic MnemoHistory on Thunderbolts forum). They provide an idea of discharge effects in deep material. Here the patterns hold to the symmetry and many other details and are an improvement to the CRT results due to the raised rims of the craters.

In regard to individual craters;

Craters that are not a part of a chain share a common circular symmetry and often have concentrations of material or other signitures of specific forces at work in their interiors.

Image from European Space agency's Stereo Camera

Internal radial features are frequently seen and in some cases correlate with a concentration of material which has Lichtenberg (lightening-like) features.

Interior features of point-discharges from CRT experiment

At a glance you can see many similarities to planetary features and as you look closer others become apparent including miniature craters adjacent to the path of the discharge chain, parallel rills and berme.

TV Crater-chain Image

The CRT experiments have shown that direction of movement is revealed in the crater-chain’s arrangement. When discharge-overlap occurs, the whole circle marks the first point of discharge and the semi-circles are subsequent discharges.

From observations, the reason may be that at each point of discharge the area becomes partially neutralized or polarized so an adjacent discharge will only involve material beyond the range of a previous discharges.

The possibility of a residual polarity signature is demonstrated by where material is deposited or repelled. There is more mentioned below as supporting observations.

From an examination of many discharge patterns created in the dust on an old CRT a clear challenger has stepped into the ring as a possible mechanism which can make craters and crater chains but the patterns made by electricity do not stop here.

Electric discharge patterns on a CRT go way beyond craters

Spider-like features, not unlike those of the Martian south-polar region are also common.

Fiberglass spiders on CRT

Material has been seen to collect in thin tendrils at the time of discharge and more importantly after the discharge has ceased at that location.

TPOD Image Active Spiders

Link to TPOD article

The image below shows material gathered electrically, with positive relief, and looking just like at least two locations in the Mars image.

Raised Spiders from a high angle

To get this degree of similarity the choices of potential mechanisms grows ever slimmer.

U of A Image of Martian Spiders

Link to HiRISE Image Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

You will find features on Mars that look like these as well. How can this be, except there be a common mechanism.

link to image (grouped spiders)

streaming deposit

Material was seen to stream off the probe (my finger) and attract to the tendrils of spiders, avoiding other areas. Subsequent discharges add or remove material depending on power settings of the CRT.

Spiders Positive and negative

These patterns occurred when two CRTs were passed in close proximity screen to screen. One had powder on the surface and the other didn’t, at first.

Link to image of pass-over spider & cluster

The spiders below correlate to these craters. These features are one side of the discharges occurring while two CRT’s were passed in close proximity.

To Pass-Over Craters

One powered-on the other powered-off. Three passes are represented here.

link to Pass-over Spiders

In summary

Electric discharge can replicate many features seen on planetary bodies.

The list began with craters and crater chains and has expanded to rills, positive-relief spiders and negative spiders and under certain conditions anode blisters.

Craters on the rims of other craters are also seen in the CRT experiments.

Electric discharge deserves careful consideration as the cause of several types of features on celestial bodies.

At this time we may struggle to accept electricity at work in planetary scale
but the evidence will clear the way.

And we do have evidence in abundance of the electric mechanism at work,
recorded from Io to Mars and beyond.

To Jesus be the Glory

Dahlen Designs

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STATIC ELECTRIC DISCHARGES TO A DUST COVERED CRT PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO CRATER FORMATION AND OTHER FEATURES ON PLANETARY BODIES

Z. Dahlen Parker

STATIC ELECTRIC DISCHARGES TO A DUST COVERED CRT
PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO CRATER FORMATION
AND OTHER FEATURES ON PLANETARY BODIES